People sometimes soak their bodies in Epsom salt baths or drink
Epsom salt after dissolving it in water. A person with any
underlying medical condition should speak to their doctor before
trying Epsom salt.
People living with kidney disease must not
consume Epsom salt.
The Food and Drug Administration approves magnesium
sulfate in a limited
number of instances, including the
treatment of:
- hypomagnesemia (low magnesium)
- constipation
- prevention of seizures in eclampsia/preeclampsia
- acute nephritis in pediatric patients
- minor cuts or bruises
Some people claim that bathing in Epsom salt solutions allows
the skin to absorb the magnesium while providing the local pain
relief of warm water soaking. However, there is little to no
evidence to back up these claims.
Treating constipation
Magnesium sulfate has FDA approval for the treatment of
constipation.
As a result, many people use Epsom salt solutions as an oral
laxative to treat constipation at home. This treatment
method involves dissolving a small amount of Epsom salt in
water and drinking the mixture.
Improving exercise performance and recovery
People may claim that taking an Epsom salt bath post-exercise
can aid in recovery. Warm baths post-exercise may enhance muscle
recovery, but the effects of diluting Epsom salts in these baths
are unclear.
Research does, however, support claims that magnesium
supplementation can aid performance and recovery. Older
studies show that ensuring adequate magnesium intake may aid
in aerobic and nonaerobic performance and energy metabolism.
A 2024
literature review
found that
physically active individuals benefited from supplemental
magnesium. Researchers concluded supplemental magnesium may have
a positive effect on muscle soreness, recovery, and performance.
Epsom salt is rich in magnesium, which is essential for athletic
performance, but there is little evidence to suggest that
bathing in such a solution will provide these benefits.
Pain relief
Some proponents of Epsom salt soaks claim that it can aid
muscular pain relief. It is true that magnesium supplementation
may help treat some pain symptoms in those with a chronic
deficiency, and warm water bathing may help reduce muscular
pains.
However, there is no evidence to suggest that Epsom salt baths
can provide a combination of these benefits.
Sleep
There is a link between dietary magnesium intake and sleep
quality. A 2017 review notes that having low levels of magnesium
could harm a person’s quality of sleep and, additionally, their
ability to cope with stress.
As a result, some people claim that oral Epsom salt solutions
and Epsom salt baths may aid in these endeavors. However, there
is no research to support these claims.